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The Kanaz Cultural House, built in 1958, served as a vibrant hub for the Kanaker Aluminium Factory. Designed by architects Sos Manukyan and Vilen Tonikyan, it features Armenian architectural elements, sculptures by Grigor Badalyan, and striking Armavir tuff stone. Despite its rich heritage, the building has faced decades of neglect. Although restoration plans were announced in 2019, as of 2024, it remains closed and untouched, awaiting revival. < Back KANAZ: The Cultural Heart of Kanaker’s Aluminium Factory The Kanaz Cultural House, built in 1958, served as a vibrant hub for the Kanaker Aluminium Factory. Designed by architects Sos Manukyan and Vilen Tonikyan, it features Armenian architectural elements, sculptures by Grigor Badalyan, and striking Armavir tuff stone. Despite its rich heritage, the building has faced decades of neglect. Although restoration plans were announced in 2019, as of 2024, it remains closed and untouched, awaiting revival. The Kanaz Cultural House, built in 1958, was designed by architects Sos Manukyan and Vilen Tonikyan as a cultural hub for the Kanaker Aluminium Plant (abbreviated as "Kanaz" from the Russian Канакерский алюминиевый завод ). Architects : Sos Manukyan, Vilen Tonikyan Sculptor : Grigor Badalyan Client : Kanaker Aluminium Factory ("Kanaz") Construction Organization : Ministry of Construction of the Armenian SSR The four-story building features a near-rectangular layout with its main axis dedicated to a grand lobby, corner staircases, and a 600-seat auditorium complete with a stage and side boxes. Adjacent to the hall, an open, arched summer foyer extends to the left, while club rooms are situated on the fourth floor to the right. The architectural design incorporates elements of Armenian national heritage. The main façade is dominated by a decorative archway supported by columns with sculpted capitals. Flanking the archway are statues of a worker and a collective farmer, created by sculptor Grigor Badalyan. The façade is crowned with a pediment adorned with a dentil cornice. The structure is crafted from Armavir tuff stone, showcasing a striking palette of pink, light orange, brown, and dark red hues. Post-Soviet History and Transformation After the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the sale of the Kanaz aluminium factory, the cultural house fell into disrepair. It was repurposed sporadically, serving as a sewing workshop, brick factory, taxi service, and tire assembly facility. The deteriorating state of the building led to its partial use over time. In 2007, the Armenian Ministry of Economy acquired the building. Renamed the "Art Kanaz" Cultural House, it began a new chapter. In 2017, the Yerevan Council of Elders transferred the property free of charge to the "Art Alphabet" Cultural Foundation, led by People's Artist of Armenia, Hrant Tokhatyan. The foundation initiated plans to establish a children's cultural center, including a school and theater. Restoration Efforts In 2019, restoration work commenced under the supervision of the Research Center for Historical and Cultural Heritage SNCO. This initiative aims to revitalize the Kanaz Cultural House as a significant historical and cultural landmark, preserving its architectural legacy and ensuring its functional relevance for future generations. However, as of 2024, when I had the opportunity to enter the building, it remained closed, with no restoration work undertaken to revive it. Join my urban explorer tours to uncover the hidden marvels of Armenia! For a personalized itinerary, please contact me. Project Gallery You May Also Like Armenia’s Particle Accelerator Urban Exploration Tour with Carlus in a Lada Niva The Cemetery of German POWs in Gyumri This Trophy 1m Schmidt Telescope Was Hitler's Gift to Mussolini Destroyed Bas-Reliefs of Armenia Exploring the Unfinished Depths of Yerevan Metro The Destroyed Statues of Armenia KANAZ: The Cultural Heart of Kanaker’s Aluminium Factory Previous Next

In this article, you will learn about the cemetery of German war prisoners in the Slabotka district of Gyumri, where their memory is honored by visitors from Armenia, Germany, and beyond. < Back The Cemetery of German POWs in Gyumri In this article, you will learn about the cemetery of German war prisoners in the Slabotka district of Gyumri, where their memory is honored by visitors from Armenia, Germany, and beyond. During and after World War II, thousands of German prisoners of war were transported to Armenia, where they participated in various labor projects. The total number of prisoners of war in Armenia amounted to around 16,160. Among them was the renowned Austrian zoologist, ethologist, and ornithologist Konrad Lorenz, who later shared the 1973 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Nikolaas Tinbergen and Karl von Frisch. I previously wrote an article titled " Konrad Lorenz's Life as a Prisoner of War in Armenia "—feel free to check it out! As in other parts of Armenia, in Gyumri—known as Leninakan during Soviet times—German prisoners of war primarily worked on construction projects in the "Nor Avan" neighborhood. Their labor was also used for road building, and it was these prisoners who laid the stone-paved streets that still adorn the city center today. Sadly, many of these prisoners did not survive long enough to return to their homeland and passed away in Armenia. Today, several cemeteries in Armenia remain preserved where these prisoners were buried. One such cemetery is located in the "Slabotka" district of Gyumri, next to the former prison. Here, 369 German prisoners of war are buried. From time to time, German tourists visit this site to pay their respects to their compatriots. Modest crosses can be seen covering the cemetery, along with an information board and an inscription in German and Russian: 'Here lie the prisoners of war—victims of the Second World War.'" Years ago, the graves were numbered to help relatives from Germany locate the resting places of their loved ones. In the 1970s, the body of a German colonel was taken back to Germany by his family. According to some accounts, one of the former prisoners, after returning to Germany, provided financial support to help establish this cemetery for his fellow countrymen. The cemetery was maintained until the 1988 earthquake. Before the earthquake, the cemetery caretaker was a man named Spiridon. Despite having fought in the Great Patriotic War and being wounded by Germans, Spiridon took care of the prisoners' cemetery and ensured its upkeep. Neighbors testify that after Spiridon's passing, no one has taken over the responsibility of looking after the cemetery. When I visited the cemetery, it looked neat and well-preserved. From the top of the hillside where it's located, there was a beautiful view opening up toward the city of Gyumri. Join my urban explorer tours to uncover the hidden marvels of Armenia! For a personalized itinerary, please contact me. Project Gallery You May Also Like Armenia’s Particle Accelerator Urban Exploration Tour with Carlus in a Lada Niva The Cemetery of German POWs in Gyumri This Trophy 1m Schmidt Telescope Was Hitler's Gift to Mussolini Destroyed Bas-Reliefs of Armenia Exploring the Unfinished Depths of Yerevan Metro The Destroyed Statues of Armenia KANAZ: The Cultural Heart of Kanaker’s Aluminium Factory Previous Next

Shifts in ideological paradigms, political caprice, the desire to break away from a totalitarian past, and acts of vandalism led to the dismantling or destruction of many monuments associated with communist ideology and beyond. This process accelerated after the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. In this article, we will explore the statues that once adorned Armenia, only to be lost to history. < Back The Destroyed Statues of Armenia Shifts in ideological paradigms, political caprice, the desire to break away from a totalitarian past, and acts of vandalism led to the dismantling or destruction of many monuments associated with communist ideology and beyond. This process accelerated after the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. In this article, we will explore the statues that once adorned Armenia, only to be lost to history. The practice of dismantling monuments is not unique to the post-Soviet space. After the October Revolution of 1917, the Bolsheviks actively demolished monuments tied to the tsarist regime as part of the so-called "Lenin's Plan of Monumental Propaganda." This underscores that a change in political systems is often accompanied by a revision of the symbolic landscape and the removal of monuments from the previous era. Thus, the destruction of monuments during and after the collapse of the USSR was driven by a mix of ideological shifts, a desire to reevaluate historical heritage, and public sentiment, often expressed through acts of vandalism, particularly as many statues were made of valuable materials like bronze, copper, and others. Joseph Stalin's statue was considered a masterpiece by the sculptor Sergey Merkurov. The pedestal was designed by architect Rafayel Israyelian. The statue of Stalin was unveiled in Yerevan on October 29, 1950. Designed by architect Rafael Israelyan and sculpted by Sergey Merkurov, the bronze figure stood 17 meters tall. With its imposing 33-meter pedestal, the monument reached a total height of 50 meters, making it the tallest Stalin statue of its time. In 1952, a monumental statue of Joseph Stalin, standing 24 meters tall, was erected at the Volga–Don Canal in Stalingrad (now Volgograd). The pedestal added an additional 30 meters, bringing the total height to 54 meters. As a result, it became the tallest Stalin statue in the Soviet Union, a record that was never surpassed. Yesterday... today... In 1962, the statue was dismantled, and in 1967, the "Mother Armenia" monument, created by sculptor Ara Harutyunyan, was erected in its place, utilizing the original pedestal. The statue of Joseph Stalin by Ara Sargsyan Another notable statue dedicated to Joseph Stalin was created by renowned artist Ara Sargsyan and was once located in Gavar (formerly Nor Bayazet until 1994). The statue's current fate remains unknown. Lenin's Statue in the Republic Square (Lenin Square in Soviet times) of Yerevan! Its body now resides in the courtyard of the National Gallery of Armenia, while the head is kept in storage Lenin’s image was omnipresent during Soviet times, dominating central squares, schools, cultural halls, and workplaces. The most iconic of these was the Lenin statue in Yerevan, erected in Republic Square—then known as Lenin Square—in 1940 to mark the 20th anniversary of Soviet rule in Armenia. Crafted by renowned sculptor Sergey Merkurov, with artistic contributions from architects Natalya Paremuzova and Levon Vardanov, the monument depicted Lenin addressing a crowd, symbolizing his leadership and revolutionary ideals. It served as the focal point for public events, military parades, and political gatherings for decades. Following Armenia’s independence in 1991, the statue was dismantled. Today, its body rests in the courtyard of the National Gallery of Armenia, while the head remains in storage. The pedestal was removed in 1996 and is currently housed in a Yerevan Municipality warehouse in Charbakh. For now, I will refrain from publishing additional photos of the destroyed statues of Lenin and Stalin, as there are countless examples, particularly in the case of Lenin. Instead, I plan to publish separate articles on this subject in the future. Sasuntsi Davit (David of Sassoun) Statue by Yervand Kochar In 1939, Yerevan was preparing to celebrate the 1000th anniversary of the epic poem Sasna Tsrer (Daredevils of Sassoun) with grand festivities. The celebrations were set for October, and during the summer months, it was decided that the event would be incomplete without a statue of the epic's central hero. A competition was announced, inviting Armenian artists to submit designs for a statue of David of Sassoun. However, some sculptors argued that the task would take 1–2 years, while others were preoccupied with other commissions. At this juncture, Yervand Kochar, who had recently returned from Paris, took on the challenge. He required only a few assistants to complete the work. Kochar’s plaster statue of David of Sassoun, mounted on a wooden pedestal several meters high, was completed in just 18 days. The statue was installed in the square near the station and stood there for about two years until Kochar’s arrest. One of the charges leveled against him was that the figure of the rider, with a drawn sword, appeared to be rushing toward "friendly" Turkey. He was accused of formalism, a charge that equated to being labeled an “enemy of the people.” As a result, he was imprisoned, and the statue was destroyed. After spending 2 years and 2 months in prison, Kochar was released due to a lack of evidence. In 1957, by then recognized and respected by artists, art lovers, and both the public and the ruling elite, he was commissioned once again by the Supreme Soviet to create a statue of David of Sassoun. The statue Kochar crafted remains on display in the same square today and is one of the most beloved and renowned monuments in the country. Glory to Labor or Worker's statue by Ara Harutyunyan The "Glory to Labor" monument (better known as the "Worker's Statue") is located in the Shengavit administrative district of Yerevan. It is one of the notable works by Ara Harutyunyan, a People's Artist of the Armenian SSR, Honored Artist of the Arts, and a renowned sculptor. This monument represents one of Harutyunyan's last monumental works. Unveiled in 1982, it was positioned in the square adjacent to the "Gortsaranayin" metro station in the Shengavit district. Over time, the square became popularly known as "Worker's Statue Square," and even after the statue was dismantled, it continued to carry this name. The cast iron statue was designed to portray an Armenian worker walking towards Western Armenia. Its artistic and volumetric solutions were unique for the time. In 1997, the 11-meter statue, widely known as the "worker's statue," was dismantled and dismembered. Seven years later, in 2004, a group of individuals began searching for the statue, which had gone missing. After some time, the dismembered statue was discovered at one of the factories in Shengavit. Subsequently, the statue's parts were moved to private property under unclear circumstances. The head, hands, fist, legs, shoes, and the back of the torso were all preserved from the original statue. On June 1, 2022, the "Worker's Statue: Post Scriptum" exhibition opened at the National Gallery of Armenia, where the head and fist of the statue were displayed for the first time. Sergei Kirov by Ara Sargsyan The statue of Bolshevik leader Sergei Kirov, created by sculptor Ara Sargsyan in 1942 from basalt, was installed in 1950 at Kirov Square in Kirovakan, now known as Vanadzor. Not long after the collapse of the Soviet Union, the statue was removed, and its fate remains unknown. The bust of Kirov in Yerevan The bust of Sergei Kirov, created in 1936, was displayed in the courtyard of the Kirov Chemical Factory, now Nairit, in Yerevan. Ara Sargsyan’s "Lightning" Among Armenia’s vanished artistic treasures, one of the most striking is "Lightning", a decorative sculpture by renowned sculptor Ara Sargsyan, created in 1934. This three-meter-high masterpiece, crafted from concrete, once adorned the facade of the Yerevan Central Post Office. Characterized by expressive classicist forms, "Lightning" was a bold and dynamic addition to the architectural landscape of Yerevan. Unfortunately, during a later renovation of the building, the sculpture was removed and was not preserved. Size: Height: 300 cm Width: 250 cm Depth: 60 cm The statue of Ghukas Ghukasyan The monument to Bolshevik revolutionary Ghukas Ghukasyan was located in the Student Park, at the heart of Yerevan, between Abovyan and Teryan streets. Created from basalt, the statue was designed by sculptor Suren Stepanyan, with architectural contributions by Hayk Asatryan. In 1990, under cover of night, unknown individuals detonated the statue of the Bolshevik revolutionary and party figure. In December 2009, a new sculpture of the renowned astronomer Viktor Hambardzumyan was installed in the same park, where Ghukasyan’s statue once stood. The Stocking Woman by Frid Soghoyan The Monument to the Stocking Woman, created in 1964 by artist Frid Soghoyan, stood 5 meters tall and was made of aluminum. Located in Gyumri (formerly Leninakan), Armenia, the statue was an iconic piece of public art. Unfortunately, it was either destroyed or stolen under unknown circumstances during the 1990s. Harvest Festival by Suren Nazaryan The "Harvest Festival" statue, created in 1968 by sculptor Suren Nazaryan, was located in Yerevan. Sometime in 2011, a part of the statue—a man—was stolen, most likely by metal scavengers looking to sell it as scrap. While I was writing this article, G. Mattu reached out to Suren Nazaryan's son Arshak Nazaryan for more information about the statue. Here’s what he said: "I took this picture myself in 2011. It was vandalized sometime after—one of the figures was broken and stolen. The rest of the statue was taken down and stored in the Nor Nork city storage. I don’t know its current status!" While researching old Soviet Armenian magazines, G. Mattu came across a page featuring a statue that remains unidentified. To this day, its creator, location, and fate remain a mystery. The small image depicts Akhtamar, perched high on the cliffs above the Sevan highway. While reviewing old Soviet magazines, G. Mattu uncovered another intriguing monument that was previously unknown to us and for which we have been unable to find any information. The article mentions, accompanied by an image, that a monument dedicated to bakers was unveiled at the Yerevan Bread Factory No. 3. The fate of this monument remains unclear. The bust of Karl Marx. Sculptor: Artashes Hovsepyan, 1962 The bust of Karl Marx stood in front of the Polytechnic Institute in Yerevan named after him. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the bust was removed, and the university was renamed the State Engineering University of Armenia. In November 2014, by decision of the Armenian government, it was renamed the National Polytechnic University of Armenia. In 1968, at the entrance of Vardenis city, Armenia, a unique monument was erected. It consisted of a bull statue and a sculptured monument. The authors of the monument were the sculptor Rafael Yekmalyan and architect Rafael Israelyan. Unfortunately, the monument has not survived. According to sculptor Harutyun Yekmalyan, son of Rafael Yekmalyan, it was destroyed by Azerbaijanis. The bull statue was severely damaged and, by some accounts, buried by Azerbaijanis in the 1980s. Efforts to restore the monument were once blocked under the pretext of avoiding heightened tensions with Azerbaijan. The remnants of the monument today Another lost masterpiece is Ruzan Kyurkchyan's statue "Family." Once standing at the intersection of Sayat-Nova and Abovyan streets in Yerevan, the sculpture has since disappeared, and its fate remains unknown. "Family" by Ruzan Kyurkchyan Another statue that did not withstand the test of time was located in Yerevan's Youth Palace, which was demolished in 2006. Spring by Tadevos Gevorgyan Before the Youth Palace was demolished in 2006, Tadevos Gevorgian's statue Spring disappeared, and its fate remains unknown. An unrecognized statue in front of the former 'October' Cinema in Yerevan Another statue once stood in front of the former "October" Cinema in Yerevan, right where the Komitas Pantheon is now. What happened to that monument—and even who created it—remains a mystery to this day. Join my urban explorer tours to uncover the hidden marvels of Armenia! For a personalized itinerary, please contact me. Project Gallery You May Also Like Armenia’s Particle Accelerator Urban Exploration Tour with Carlus in a Lada Niva The Cemetery of German POWs in Gyumri This Trophy 1m Schmidt Telescope Was Hitler's Gift to Mussolini Destroyed Bas-Reliefs of Armenia Exploring the Unfinished Depths of Yerevan Metro The Destroyed Statues of Armenia KANAZ: The Cultural Heart of Kanaker’s Aluminium Factory Previous Next

Carlus, a traveler from Spain, joined my urban exploration tour in Armenia, during which we explored abandoned places and iconic Soviet-era locations in a Lada Niva he rented locally. This tour was especially nostalgic for me, as our family car was a red Niva, bringing back fond memories. Our journey took us from an abandoned cultural house to the Byurakan Observatory, the ROT54 telescope, abandoned pioneer camp, other Soviet-era sites, and eerie, abandoned copper tunnels, uncovering some of Armenia’s most hidden gems. Here is a brief overview of our tour. < Back Urban Exploration Tour with Carlus in a Lada Niva Carlus, a traveler from Spain, joined my urban exploration tour in Armenia, during which we explored abandoned places and iconic Soviet-era locations in a Lada Niva he rented locally. This tour was especially nostalgic for me, as our family car was a red Niva, bringing back fond memories. Our journey took us from an abandoned cultural house to the Byurakan Observatory, the ROT54 telescope, abandoned pioneer camp, other Soviet-era sites, and eerie, abandoned copper tunnels, uncovering some of Armenia’s most hidden gems. Here is a brief overview of our tour. Carlus, a traveler from Spain, reached out to me before his trip to Armenia to join one of my urban exploration tours. Being a big fan of the Lada Niva, he rented that iconic car in Armenia to explore the country and dedicated two days to our urbex adventures. So, instead of my usual Volkswagen Jetta, the tour took place in the legendary Niva! On the first day, we met in Yerevan for a beer, and the next day he picked me up from our yard! I liked him right from the first handshake, and we instantly found a lot in common to talk about. He shared stories about his travels in his Toyota and how he navigated the roads of the Paris-Dakar rally, roaming Africa’s wild landscapes on his trusty iron horse! With Carlus at the Byurakan Observatory, behind us is an iconic building designed by Sargis Gurzadyan, which houses the ZTA-2.6 telescope, the largest observational instrument at the BAO. After the Byurakan Observatory, we headed to the nearby village of Ogov to see the legendary ROT54 telescope! Carlus is sitting in the control room of ROT54 Then we headed to the Lori Region! Of course, we made a pit stop at the Gntuniq food court to fuel up with some local food before exploring a Soviet-era pioneer camp called "Fairy Tale." For the night, we stayed near village of Odzun, where an old Soviet-era hotel is located. It was built in 1971 for the managers of the Alaverdi copper factory. I really enjoy this place, and it's where I usually suggest my guests stay! The view from Odzun hotel Situated at the foot of a mountain high above Odzun village, it offers a peaceful retreat away from the city buzz—no noise, just the whisper of nature and a beautiful view of Odzun village and the surrounding landscapes. Across an old and rusty bridge we are heading towards a tunnels of the copper mine to capture unearthly photos! Crossing over this bridge is raising some adrenaline! Our primary destination was the tunnels of the abandoned copper mine, which we explored the following day after visiting several other sites. We concluded the day with a visit to an abandoned plane in Hrazdan! Night urbex... lol. During our trip, Carlus shared many fascinating stories. Among them, he told me about an incredible location called Pozo Sotón. A quick note: Pozo Sotón is a historical coal mine situated in Asturias, Spain, near the town of San Martín del Rey Aurelio. It stands as a significant part of Spain's industrial heritage and has been repurposed into a captivating tourist destination. Visitors can delve into its underground chambers, gaining a profound understanding of miners' lives and the rich history of coal mining in the region. By the time I was writing this article, Carlus had sent me photos showing that he had finally visited Pozo Sotón. I couldn't be happier for him! Join my urban explorer tours to uncover the hidden marvels of Armenia! For a personalized itinerary, please contact me. Project Gallery You May Also Like Armenia’s Particle Accelerator Urban Exploration Tour with Carlus in a Lada Niva The Cemetery of German POWs in Gyumri This Trophy 1m Schmidt Telescope Was Hitler's Gift to Mussolini Destroyed Bas-Reliefs of Armenia Exploring the Unfinished Depths of Yerevan Metro The Destroyed Statues of Armenia KANAZ: The Cultural Heart of Kanaker’s Aluminium Factory Previous Next

Discover the history of the 1-meter Schmidt telescope, originally commissioned by Adolf Hitler as a gift to Mussolini. After World War II, it was seized by the Soviets and later installed at Armenia's Byurakan Observatory in 1960. This telescope played a key role in the discovery of Markarian galaxies and contributed to significant astrophysical research until its decommissioning in 1991. A modern reconstruction project is now in progress. < Back This Trophy 1m Schmidt Telescope Was Hitler's Gift to Mussolini Discover the history of the 1-meter Schmidt telescope, originally commissioned by Adolf Hitler as a gift to Mussolini. After World War II, it was seized by the Soviets and later installed at Armenia's Byurakan Observatory in 1960. This telescope played a key role in the discovery of Markarian galaxies and contributed to significant astrophysical research until its decommissioning in 1991. A modern reconstruction project is now in progress. In 1938, Adolf Hitler visited Italy to meet Benito Mussolini. During the visit, Mussolini took Hitler to several Italian observatories, proudly highlighting that Italy had numerous observatories and enjoyed more clear days compared to rainy Germany. Surprised and perhaps a bit challenged, Hitler reportedly responded, “I will show you who makes the best telescopes in the world, and I will even gift you one!” Upon his return to Germany, Hitler commissioned the production of a one-meter Schmidt telescope at the Carl Zeiss factory, renowned for its precision optics. This telescope, which up to these days remains one of the largest of its kind, was under construction when World War II broke out, delaying its completion. After the war, Soviet troops seized the telescope as a trophy during the occupation of Germany. Here is a brief historical overview of how the trophy seizures occurred after the Allied forces won the war. After World War II, both the Allied and Soviet forces (The Soviet Union was indeed one of the Allied powers during World War II, aligning with the United States, the United Kingdom, and others to defeat the Axis powers. However, when discussing postwar efforts like the exploitation of German science and technology, it often makes sense to separate the Soviet actions from those of the Western Allies. This is because their methods, objectives, and geopolitical contexts were quite different.) actively sought to extract German scientific knowledge and technology. This effort was one of the largest technological transfers in history, targeting advancements in fields like aerospace, atomic energy, chemical engineering, and more. Allied Efforts: The U.S., through initiatives like Operation Paperclip, relocated over 1,600 German scientists, engineers, and technicians to the United States, including Wernher von Braun, who later played a key role in NASA's space program. The British and French also targeted German expertise, often focusing on "in-place" exploitation by incorporating German scientists into their own programs or allowing them to assist with rebuilding academic and industrial sectors in Allied-occupied zones Soviet Strategy: The Soviets used "trophy brigades" to seize machinery, documentation, and entire scientific teams from Germany. For example, they relocated entire factories and laboratories, along with their personnel, to the Soviet Union to bolster their own technological development. Teams under the NKVD were tasked with identifying and transferring scientists and equipment related to nuclear and missile technologies. They required specialists capable of deciphering documents, assessing the significance of complex machinery, and tackling intricate tasks. No surprise, that in 1948, the renowned Armenian astrophysicist Viktor Hambardzumyan also visited Germany, including the Carl Zeiss factory where several unfinished telescopes were stored. These telescopes were later transferred to the LOMO (Leningrad Optical-Mechanical Association) in Leningrad for final adjustments and assembly. Among them was the 1m Schmidt telescope, a gift from Hitler to Mussolini, which, however, had a different fate and was eventually destined to be installed at the Byurakan Observatory in Armenia. By the late 1950s, preparations were underway to transport the telescope to Armenia. Due to its delicate optics, it could not be transported by plane, as even the slightest shock could damage its components. Instead, it was carefully transported by truck at a speed of no more than 15 km/h. The telescope was installed and began operations in 1960, but the official inauguration took place on May 8, 1961. This grand opening was attended by Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev during his visit to Armenia—a rare instance of a national leader participating in the unveiling of a scientific instrument. Benjamin Markarian and the iconic 1m Schmidt telescope In 1965, Benjamin Markarian conducted the First Byurakan Survey (FBS) using the 1-meter Schmidt telescope. As a result of these observations, he discovered a large number of faint galaxies (ranging from 13th to 17th magnitude) that belong to a special class with an excess of radiation in the ultraviolet spectrum. These galaxies were subsequently named Markarian galaxies in his honor. The December 2021 issue of the French magazine Le Mouvement tells the story of the glorious past of the Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory, reflecting on Margaryan's galaxies, the history of the 1m Schmidt telescope, as well as talking about the current activities of the facility and young staff. The back cover features the 1m Schmidt telescope with BAO lead engineer Henrik Sargsyan sitting beneath it The continuation of the FBS is the Second Byurakan Survey (SBS), also carried out with the 1-meter Schmidt telescope. A total of approximately 3,000 peculiar objects were discovered, including about 1,600 stellar objects and 1,400 non-stellar objects. The SBS is one of the most effective surveys for discovering bright quasars (QSOs). Since 1969, more than 500 flare stars have been discovered, and detailed colorimetric studies of bright galaxies were also performed. In 2011, the First Byurakan Survey (FBS or Markarian survey, Armenia), containing the records of a unique astronomical survey carried out by the Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory (BAO) from 1965-1980 were added to UNESCO’s “Memory of the World Register”. It represents the largest-ever astronomical exploration of the nearby universe and is considered one of the most important achievements in 20th-century astrophysics. In 1991, the 1m Schmidt telescope was stopped and since then no observations have been carried out. Recently, a project for reconstruction of this telescope was put forward in collaboration with the Russian Special Astrophysical Observatory (SAO), including equipping it with a contemporary detector and advanced controlling system. Join my urban explorer tours to uncover the hidden marvels of Armenia! For a personalized itinerary, please contact me. Project Gallery You May Also Like Armenia’s Particle Accelerator Urban Exploration Tour with Carlus in a Lada Niva The Cemetery of German POWs in Gyumri This Trophy 1m Schmidt Telescope Was Hitler's Gift to Mussolini Destroyed Bas-Reliefs of Armenia Exploring the Unfinished Depths of Yerevan Metro The Destroyed Statues of Armenia KANAZ: The Cultural Heart of Kanaker’s Aluminium Factory Previous Next

We explored the abandoned section of the Yerevan Metro, starting with calming down some aggressive dogs and sneaking through a narrow gap. It was an unforgettable and unusual experience for me—my first time ever inside a metro tunnel. As someone who has always loved traveling around Yerevan by metro, stepping into its unfinished depths felt surreal. The damp smell, eerie atmosphere, and the promise of capturing some truly unique photos made it all worthwhile. < Back Exploring the Unfinished Depths of Yerevan Metro We explored the abandoned section of the Yerevan Metro, starting with calming down some aggressive dogs and sneaking through a narrow gap. It was an unforgettable and unusual experience for me—my first time ever inside a metro tunnel. As someone who has always loved traveling around Yerevan by metro, stepping into its unfinished depths felt surreal. The damp smell, eerie atmosphere, and the promise of capturing some truly unique photos made it all worthwhile. The Yerevan Metro (officially the Karen Demirchyan Yerevan Metro) is a vital part of the transportation system in Armenia’s capital city. Construction began in 1978, and the metro opened its doors in 1981, with subsequent expansions completed by 1996. The construction of the Yerevan Metro began in January 1978, and was carried out by the "Haytunelshin" department headed by Leonid Harutyunyan. The metro officially opened on March 7, 1981, and gradually expanded southward over the following years under the leadership and patronage of Karen Demirchyan. The last station, Charbakh, became operational in 1996. In honor of Karen Demirchyan, who tragically lost his life in the National Assembly terrorist attack on October 27, 1999, the metro was renamed after him later that year. Building through Yerevan’s underground, riddled with abundant subterranean water flows, posed immense challenges. This is one of my most favorite photos Today, the Yerevan Metro includes 10 stations, with three above-ground stations (Sasuntsi Davit, Gortsaranain, and Charbakh) and seven underground ones. Thanks to its high construction standards, the metro survived the devastating 1988 earthquake without significant damage and resumed operations the next day. However, the earthquake halted plans for further expansion, particularly the construction of stations in the Ajapnyak and Davtashen districts. Resources were redirected to the reconstruction of disaster-stricken areas, leaving these projects incomplete. Ore carts were still lying there, as if frozen in time Tunnels leading to the Ajapnyak Metro Station were excavated during the Soviet era, and the station’s entrance had been planned. However, the bridge across the Hrazdan Gorge, essential for extending the tracks, was never built due to the prohibitive costs. As a result, the Ajapnyak Metro project remains unfinished to this day. Urban Exploration of Ajapnyak Metro The abandoned Ajapnyak Metro Station has become a sought-after destination for urban explorers and diggers. Despite repeated promises from municipal authorities to resume construction, these plans remain unfulfilled, leaving the site in limbo. In recent years, a camera was installed at the station’s entrance, possibly as a deterrent, though its functionality is uncertain. During one of my visits, I entered through a narrow gap, first calming the stray dogs that have made the area their home. The interior revealed a haunting glimpse into an ambitious project left to time and neglect. This abandoned station, shrouded in mystery, continues to captivate explorers, offering a hidden perspective on Yerevan’s metro system. What lies within is a blend of unfinished engineering and the allure of the unknown. Join my urban explorer tours to uncover the hidden marvels of Armenia! For a personalized itinerary, please contact me. Project Gallery You May Also Like Armenia’s Particle Accelerator Urban Exploration Tour with Carlus in a Lada Niva The Cemetery of German POWs in Gyumri This Trophy 1m Schmidt Telescope Was Hitler's Gift to Mussolini Destroyed Bas-Reliefs of Armenia Exploring the Unfinished Depths of Yerevan Metro The Destroyed Statues of Armenia KANAZ: The Cultural Heart of Kanaker’s Aluminium Factory Previous Next

During the Soviet era, Armenia, like other Soviet republics, was rich in the imagery of Vladimir Lenin. Statues, busts, mosaics, frescoes, and posters featuring the leader of the October Revolution were everywhere, symbolizing the USSR's ideology and governance. However, after the Soviet Union's collapse, Armenia’s new authorities moved swiftly to dismantle these Soviet relics. One of the first and most notable statues to be removed was Lenin’s monument in the Republic Square, yet parts of it have surprisingly endured to the present day. Let’s explore what has survived. < Back Lenin in Armenia During the Soviet era, Armenia, like other Soviet republics, was rich in the imagery of Vladimir Lenin. Statues, busts, mosaics, frescoes, and posters featuring the leader of the October Revolution were everywhere, symbolizing the USSR's ideology and governance. However, after the Soviet Union's collapse, Armenia’s new authorities moved swiftly to dismantle these Soviet relics. One of the first and most notable statues to be removed was Lenin’s monument in the Republic Square, yet parts of it have surprisingly endured to the present day. Let’s explore what has survived. Lenin’s presence in Armenia in the 21st century While many Lenin relics were destroyed, some survived, often in hidden or overlooked locations. Statues, mosaics, and busts can still be found in abandoned factories, cultural centers, or tucked away in storage facilities. These remnants have become objects of fascination for urban explorers, who seek out these relics to connect with Armenia’s Soviet past. As someone passionate about uncovering these forgotten artifacts, I have personally discovered numerous “Lenins” across Armenia, with many more waiting to be found. Lenin's Statue in the Republic Square (Lenin Square in Soviet times) of Yerevan! Its body now resides in the courtyard of the National Gallery of Armenia, while the head is kept in storage Lenin’s image was omnipresent during Soviet times, found in central squares, schools, cultural halls, and workplaces. The most iconic was the Lenin statue in Yerevan, erected in Republic Square—then called Lenin Square—in 1940. This imposing monument, designed by renowned sculptor Sergey Merkurov and architects Natalya Paremuzova and Levon Vardanov, depicted Lenin addressing a crowd, symbolizing his leadership and revolutionary ideals. Armenian-American singer Cher sitting on the broken statue of Lenin (earlier the statue was standing in Lenin Square), Yerevan, Armenia 1993 The statue was unveiled on November 24, 1940, to commemorate the 20th anniversary of Soviet power in Armenia. It stood atop a towering pedestal and was considered one of the finest representations of Lenin in the USSR. The statue became a centerpiece for public events, military parades, and political gatherings. In 1991, following Armenia’s independence, the statue was dismantled. Its body now resides in the courtyard of the National Gallery of Armenia, while the head is kept in storage. The pedestal, removed in 1996, is stored in a Yerevan Municipality warehouse in Charbakh. Lenin's head on display inside "Konjelazia" guesthouse Italian businessman Massimiliano has relocated to Armenia, married to an Armenian girl and opened a guesthouse called Konjelazia in Gyumri. His personal collection, which features numerous communist-era relics, also includes two heads of Lenin and a painting. These items are on display for guests to view during their stay at the guesthouse. The largest surviving bust of Lenin and me—a piece of history preserved up to our days This bust of Lenin is the second-largest preserved relic from Soviet times. It lies behind the stage of a concert hall, where it has remained untouched for decades. According to the guard, its impressive size made it impossible to remove through the venue’s narrow doors, leaving it as a hidden remnant of a bygone era. A rare fresco of Lenin inside an abandoned building Lenin's image extended far beyond statues. Frescoes and mosaics adorned culture houses, factories, and public institutions, often depicting him as a guiding figure of progress and revolution. These works of art were integral to the Soviet visual narrative, emphasizing Lenin's role as the leader of the proletariat. Explore Armenia’s Soviet Legacy When visiting Armenia, consider joining my urban explorer tours to delve into this unique aspect of the country’s history. Together, we can uncover the fascinating relics of the Soviet era, from forgotten Lenin statues to hidden mosaics, providing a window into Armenia’s complex past. This journey into Armenia's Soviet legacy is more than just a historical exploration—it’s an opportunity to reflect on the cultural and political transformations that have shaped the nation. Join my urban explorer tours to uncover the hidden marvels of Armenia! For a personalized itinerary, please contact me. Project Gallery You May Also Like Armenia’s Particle Accelerator Urban Exploration Tour with Carlus in a Lada Niva The Cemetery of German POWs in Gyumri This Trophy 1m Schmidt Telescope Was Hitler's Gift to Mussolini Destroyed Bas-Reliefs of Armenia Exploring the Unfinished Depths of Yerevan Metro The Destroyed Statues of Armenia KANAZ: The Cultural Heart of Kanaker’s Aluminium Factory Previous Next

Soviet WWII monuments, found throughout former Soviet republics, honor the immense sacrifice and heroism of soldiers during the Great Patriotic War. Often featuring dramatic sculptures of soldiers, tanks, and eternal flames, they symbolize the victory over Nazi Germany. These monuments serve as enduring tributes to Soviet resilience, commemorating the millions who fought and died for the Soviet Union and shaping the region's collective memory and post-war identity. In Armenia, every city and almost every village has a monument dedicated to WWII. Some have gained popularity among urban explorers and photographers over time. Here is one of them: < Back Urban Explorers Are Fascinated by This WWII Memorial Soviet WWII monuments, found throughout former Soviet republics, honor the immense sacrifice and heroism of soldiers during the Great Patriotic War. Often featuring dramatic sculptures of soldiers, tanks, and eternal flames, they symbolize the victory over Nazi Germany. These monuments serve as enduring tributes to Soviet resilience, commemorating the millions who fought and died for the Soviet Union and shaping the region's collective memory and post-war identity. In Armenia, every city and almost every village has a monument dedicated to WWII. Some have gained popularity among urban explorers and photographers over time. Here is one of them: This World War II monument was erected in 1973 through donations from the workers of the Kirovakan (now Vandzor) chemical factory. It was officially opened in 1975 on the 30th anniversary of the victory in the Great Patriotic War. Main architect: Rafik Boshyan. Architects: Boris Kocharyan, and Ashot Kanayan. Sculptors: Zhirayr Ketikyan, Ara Sargsyan, Mehrab Mirzakhanyan (Master Mehrab) Having a person stand near the monument provides a valuable reference, allowing viewers to better appreciate its scale in photographs During my urban explorer tours in the Lori Region, we stop at this WWII monument, which has become a must-visit destination. Travelers consistently praise its significance and beauty, capturing memorable photos that make it a true highlight of the tour. Join my urban explorer tours to uncover the hidden marvels of Armenia! For a personalized itinerary, please contact me. Project Gallery You May Also Like Armenia’s Particle Accelerator Urban Exploration Tour with Carlus in a Lada Niva The Cemetery of German POWs in Gyumri This Trophy 1m Schmidt Telescope Was Hitler's Gift to Mussolini Destroyed Bas-Reliefs of Armenia Exploring the Unfinished Depths of Yerevan Metro The Destroyed Statues of Armenia KANAZ: The Cultural Heart of Kanaker’s Aluminium Factory Previous Next

The hammer and sickle, a symbol that defined the Soviet Union and became synonymous with communism, carries a powerful historical and ideological meaning. This iconic image, consisting of a crossed hammer and sickle, represents the unity of industrial workers and agricultural laborers, embodying the vision of a classless society built on collective labor. Its appearance on flags, public buildings, and monuments reinforced the Soviet state’s identity and spread its influence globally. < Back Hammer and Sickle: The Most Iconic Soviet Symbol The hammer and sickle, a symbol that defined the Soviet Union and became synonymous with communism, carries a powerful historical and ideological meaning. This iconic image, consisting of a crossed hammer and sickle, represents the unity of industrial workers and agricultural laborers, embodying the vision of a classless society built on collective labor. Its appearance on flags, public buildings, and monuments reinforced the Soviet state’s identity and spread its influence globally. Origins of the Hammer and Sickle The hammer and sickle emblem was established by a government decision in late March to early April 1918 and approved by the V Congress of Soviets on July 10, 1918. It was first depicted on the state seal of the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR on July 26, 1918. The artist E. I. Kamzolkin was the first to propose the hammer and sickle symbol for the decoration of the Zamoskvoretsky District of Moscow for the May Day celebrations in 1918. Before that, the "plow and hammer" emblem was used. The hammer and sickle symbol In this context, the hammer represented the working class, the industrial proletariat that toiled in factories, while the sickle symbolized the peasantry—those who labored in the fields. By crossing these two tools, the image represented the unity between workers and peasants, a fundamental principle of Marxist ideology. It was more than just a logo; it was a visual manifestation of the Soviet Union's communist ideals and its promise to liberate workers worldwide from capitalist oppression. A rare hammer and sickle monument still preserved in Armenia Together with the red star, the hammer and sickle appeared on the flag of the USSR in 1923, and in 1924, the symbol was written into the constitution. The hammer and sickle were also placed on the flags and coats of arms of the Soviet republics. The iconic red background, symbolizing revolution and the blood of workers, combined with the golden hammer and sickle, conveyed the message of a worker’s state. Above the hammer and sickle, the five-pointed star represented the global spread of communism. The Hammer and Sickle in Soviet Armenia The Armenian SSR emblem, designed by Martiros Saryan and Hakob Kojoyan, was adopted in 1937. The State Emblem of the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic consisted of the image of Greater and Lesser Ararat, with a hammer and sickle on a five-pointed star surrounded by rays at the top. At the foot of the mountains was a vineyard bush with vines and leaves, and ears of wheat to the right and left. Emblem of the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic on the top of the stage of Arshaluys culture house Around the emblem, on the margins, was the inscription in Armenian, "Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic." Below, on a red background, was the inscription in Armenian and Russian, "Workers of the world, unite!" Emblem of the Armenian SSR There is a diplomatic apocrypha according to which Turkey allegedly expressed protest, asking why Armenia put a mountain on its coat of arms that does not belong to it. To this, the then People's Commissar of Foreign Affairs, Chicherin, responded: "And why is there a crescent moon on the flag of Turkey? The moon does not belong to it either." In the Soviet Union, the hammer and sickle were more than just a political symbol; they were integrated into everyday life. The emblem became a common decorative feature on buildings, monuments, and state facilities, particularly during the era of Stalinist architecture. Hammer and sickle on the façade of the building of Vanadzor Municipality Today, while walking around Armenia, a meticulous eye can still notice traces of that emblem. Notable examples include the façades of the Government House, the Public Radio of Armenia, and the Vanadzor Municipality, all featuring hammer and sickle bas-reliefs. Moreover, during my urban exploration missions, I also saw a monument shaped like a hammer and sickle. An original Soviet-era flag with the emblem of the Armenian SSR that we saw in an abandoned shoe factory The hammer and sickle remain one of the most recognizable symbols of the 20th century, representing a significant era in global politics. Its widespread use on flags, facades, and monuments across the Soviet Union and beyond reflected the ideological battle between capitalism and communism. While the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991, the hammer and sickle still hold powerful historical and cultural connotations, often evoking both nostalgia and controversy in former communist countries and among left-wing political groups worldwide. Join my urban explorer tours to uncover the hidden marvels of Armenia! For a personalized itinerary, please contact me. 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Your outdoor adventure and sightseeing tours in Armenia start with "Armenian Explorer." Connect directly with your guide for the best hikes, trekking expeditions, off-road journeys, and urbex tours. Immerse yourself in Armenia’s rich history, from ancient Bronze Age megalithic sites to Soviet-era modernist architecture. Together, we’ll trek to Azhdahak volcano, conquer Mount Aragats, explore UNESCO World Heritage sites, abandoned Soviet buildings, the iconic ROT54 telescope, and more. Planning a tour to Armenia? Your outdoor adventure starts right here on my website Anchor 2 I’m Suren, your guide in Armenia If you are planning to travel to Armenia and need a local guide, my website is for you! Armenian Explorer offers the opportunity to contact your guide directly, discuss upcoming events, or create a personalized tour package with customizable itineraries. I provide hiking tours that showcase Armenia's stunning landscapes and popular destinations like Mount Aragats and Mount Azhdahak. Additionally, I offer unique urban exploration tours of abandoned Soviet buildings, perfect for those eager to explore the unknown. These tours can also be combined with hiking and cultural experiences, tailored to your interests. Contact me directly through the number provided at the bottom of the website to discuss your trip and customize your experience. Whether you're seeking outdoor adventure or historical exploration, I’m here to make your visit to Armenia unforgettable. About Me Anchor 1 Hiking in Armenia As an experienced guide in Armenia, I offer personalized hiking tours for all levels, from beginners to experienced hikers. Whether you want to conquer Mount Aragats, the highest summit in Armenia, or explore the popular but easier Mount Azhdahak, I provide memorable adventures. I offer both private and group tours to match your interests and skill level. Join my guided tours to experience Armenia’s stunning landscapes and have an unforgettable outdoor adventure. Urbex Armenia As a professional urbexer with 5 years of experience, I guide tourists into the world of urban decay. During our urban explorer tours, you will discover abandoned Soviet sanatoriums, planes, factories, Soviet monuments with otherworldly beauty, abandoned copper mines, telescopes, culture houses, and more. These locations are perfect not only for urban exploration photography but also for those seeking a memorable experience filled with excitement and a bit of adrenaline. Popular Tours in Armenia Discover the best tours in Armenia, showcasing iconic landscapes and hidden gems. Whether it's conquering Mount Aragats, exploring the volcanic beauty of Mount Azhdahak, or delving into abandoned Soviet-era sites, my guided tours offer unparalleled adventure. For water enthusiasts, try sup-boarding in Armenia's serene lakes, or for thrill-seekers, enjoy the excitement of off-roading through rugged terrain. As your dedicated guide in Armenia, I ensure each tour is unforgettable, tailored to your interests and skill level. Blog In the blog section of my website, you'll find in-depth articles covering the most sought-after topics related to Armenia. From the most popular hiking destinations to the creepiest abandoned buildings, these posts offer valuable insights into the rich history, culture, and natural beauty of our country. I also share stories of daring travelers and mountaineers whose adventures have left a lasting impact on me. Whether you're planning a visit or simply curious about this fascinating land, my blog offers a wealth of information to fuel your wanderlust.

Perched on the shores of Lake Sevan, the Sevan Writers’ Rest House is a landmark of Soviet modernist architecture. Built during a wave of cultural and architectural innovation in the USSR, it still draws curious travelers from around the world. While exploring the Sevan Peninsula, stop by for a coffee, admire the bold design of the iconic Lounge Building, and take in the sweeping views over the lake. < Back Sevan Writers’ Rest House - Soviet Modernist Architecture in Armenia Perched on the shores of Lake Sevan, the Sevan Writers’ Rest House is a landmark of Soviet modernist architecture. Built during a wave of cultural and architectural innovation in the USSR, it still draws curious travelers from around the world. While exploring the Sevan Peninsula, stop by for a coffee, admire the bold design of the iconic Lounge Building, and take in the sweeping views over the lake. Sevan Writers' Rest House consists of two separate structures, Residence Hall and Lounge Building, both erected at different times during the Soviet reign. The Residence Hall was designed by Gevorg Kochar (1901-1973) and Mikayel Mazmanyan (1899-1971). The examination of archival materials revealed that Mikayel Mazmanyan’s name is not mentioned on the project’s architectural drawings, which leads to the assumption that he only participated in the preliminary stage of design. At the same time, his name is mentioned in many publications, including some printed during their lifetime, as co-author of the building. Sevan Writers' House in 1970. Photo: Nemrut Baghdasarian The first drawings of the Residence Hall are dated 1932, while archival photographs and materials suggest that the construction was completed in 1935. The building was initially designed as a four-story building. One of these was a basement (now the first floor), the other was a common area. The other two floors were designed for guest rooms with four rooms on each floor, each room occupying an area of 4.3m x 2.9m (9.5”x14”). Sketch of the building, 1963 Architect: G. Kochar Source: Archives of the National Museum-Institute of Architecture named after Alexander Tamanyan, Yerevan Sadly, The Great Purge or the Great Terror (1937), didn't bypass both architects and in 1937, Kochar and Mazmanian were arrested right at their workplace. They were accused of espionage, treason, and involvement in a Trotskyist-Bukharinist group. The Military Collegium sentenced both to 15 years in labor camps and an additional 5 years of civil disenfranchisement. They spent a year in the Vologda penal zone, where the harsh conditions left little chance of survival. Gevorg Kochar and Mikayel Mazmanyan Their fate changed thanks to a friend— architect Karo Halabyan—who, through Mikoyan, secured their transfer to Norilsk. There, the architects contributed to the construction of major industrial facilities, the master plans for Norilsk and Dudinka, and designed landmark buildings in the city center, including the ensemble of Guards Square. Yet all the credit went to the free-hired management. In 1954, Mazmanian was rehabilitated. It wasn’t until 1960—six years later—that Kochar was also able to return to Yerevan, where he assumed the position of Chief Architect at the Yerevanproject Institute. After their return, they were reintegrated into the architectural life of the post-Stalinist period. In 1963, Kochar was commissioned to develop a reconstruction and an extension project for the Sevan Resort. In the reconstruction project, Kochar added an additional floor to the Residence Hall, forming a new wide terrace, which was the logical continuation of the original project's concept. The Lounge Building today... During the resort's reconstruction, Kochar also designed and built the new Lounge Building. Stylistically, the new building contrasted with the Residence Hall, but both of them formed a harmonious ensemble in combination with the natural landscape and incorporated the view of the medieval architecture of Sevan Monastery churches on the top of the peninsula. After the reconstruction, the Lounge and the Residence Hall of Sevan Writers House became one of the most iconic buildings of post-Stalin modernist Soviet Architecture. The view from the Dining Hall The Lounge with it’s protruding rounded design is definitely the trademark of the complex and stands harmoniously among the rocky terrain and offers an unforgettable panoramic view from inside! Moreover, the entire wing is balanced on one concrete leg, giving the structure a futuristic aesthetic. At the opposite end of its axis, the building is attached to the rock on a higher level of the hill. The overall space of the Lounge building is divided into two major parts. One part is the dining hall, which has a circular plan and is located towards the front of the building. Half of the dining hall circle is designed as a panoramic floor-to-ceiling window looking over a spectacular view of Lake Sevan. The dining hall also has an exit to a semi-circular open-sided loggia behind the panoramic window. The second part, in the rear half of the building is used for the foyer of the dining hall. The Residence Hall Unfortunately, the complex has not been renovated for a long time, but tuning in and enjoying a cup of beer or coffee can always have a relaxing effect! The view from the Lounge is breathtaking! Cheers! Join my urban explorer tours to uncover the hidden marvels of Armenia! For a personalized itinerary, please contact me. 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Explore Armenia's World War II memorials, honoring the bravery of its people. These monuments serve as poignant reminders of sacrifice and valor, standing as a testament to their bravery and unwavering dedication to their country. < Back World War II Memorials In Armenia Explore Armenia's World War II memorials, honoring the bravery of its people. These monuments serve as poignant reminders of sacrifice and valor, standing as a testament to their bravery and unwavering dedication to their country. In 1920, Armenia's population stood at 700 thousand. By the onset of World War II, it had swelled to 1.5 million, yet remained the smallest in the Soviet Union (1.1% of the USSR's population). Despite this, around 500,000 Armenians were conscripted into the Soviet army from 1941 to 1945, with every other soldier failing to return from the front lines. World War II Memorial In Mastara village, Aragatsotn region Among them, 103 Armenians were honored with the title of hero, 27 were bestowed with the prestigious Order of Glory, and approximately 80,000 received various medals and honors. Notably, 30,000 Armenians fought in the Battle of Stalingrad. The ranks of Armenian generals swelled to 64 within the USSR, including marshals, generals, and admirals, many of whom assumed crucial roles during the war: 1 as front commanders, 3 as army commanders, 5 as corps commanders, 22 as division commanders, 25 as brigade commanders, and 100 as regiment commanders. World War II Memorial In Arshaluys village, Armavir region In remembrance of their sacrifice, monuments and memorials were erected in nearly every city and village across Armenia after World War II. These structures still stand today, serving as poignant reminders of the harrowing events of that era. Crafted with artistic finesse, these monuments captivate the attention of visitors, especially those from beyond the former Soviet sphere. To be continued... Join my urban explorer tours to uncover the hidden marvels of Armenia! For a personalized itinerary, please contact me. Project Gallery You May Also Like Destroyed Bas-Reliefs of Armenia Exploring the Unfinished Depths of Yerevan Metro The Destroyed Statues of Armenia KANAZ: The Cultural Heart of Kanaker’s Aluminium Factory Urban Exploration Tour with Carlus in a Lada Niva Urban Explorer Tour with a French Photographer This Trophy 1m Schmidt Telescope Was Hitler's Gift to Mussolini Lenin in Armenia Previous Next