The movie Seven Years in Tibet is based on Heinrich Harrer’s eponymous book

Harrer’s book, Seven Years in Tibet: My Life Before, During and After (1952), originally published in German as Sieben Jahre in Tibet. Mein Leben am Hofe des Dalai Lama, recounts his extraordinary experiences in Tibet from 1944 to 1951 during World War II. The book was translated into English in 1954 and became an international bestseller.

Two films have been inspired by Harrer’s memoir. The first was a 1956 documentary, directed by Hans Nieter, featuring footage shot by Harrer during his time in Tibet, as well as reconstructed scenes of his adventures. The second, the 1997 feature film Seven Years in Tibet, was directed by Jean-Jacques Annaud and starred Brad Pitt as Harrer and David Thewlis as his companion, Peter Aufschnaiter.

The movie poster of Seven Years in Tibet

After learning about the upcoming 1939 German Himalayan Foundation expedition to Nanga Parbat, for which he was not selected, Heinrich Harrer decided to do something extraordinary to earn a place. He resolved to conquer the treacherous North Face of Eiger, which could bring him fame and influence, and subsequently a place on the expedition. Harrer then teamed up with his climbing partner, Fritz Kasparek.

At the time, most attempts to scale the North Face of Eiger had ended in tragedy, leading the Bernese authorities to ban further climbs and impose fines on anyone who dared to try.

Heinrich Harrer's book "The White Spider"

After completing his university exams in July 1938, Harrer, along with Kasparek, traveled to Kleine Scheidegg at the base of the Eiger to begin their climb. Midway up the mountain, they encountered two German climbers, Ludwig Vörg and Anderl Heckmair, who were also attempting the ascent. The four decided to join forces, with the experienced Heckmair leading the team. And they succeeded…

In just four days, the four climbers transformed from ordinary mountaineers into heroes. Their achievement was celebrated as the resolution of "the last great problem in the Alps."

After their successful ascent of the Eiger North Face, the four climbers were received by Adolf Hitler and photographed with him. Harrer later recounted this monumental climb in his 1959 book The White Spider. As Harrer wrote in 1938, "We climbed up the North Face of Eiger over the summit and up to our führer."

It wasn't until 1997, however, that his affiliation with the Nazi Party was revealed by the German magazine Stern. Harrer subsequently expressed regret for his past involvement with the Party.

From left: Andreas Heckmair, Heinrich Harrer, Adolf Hitler, Fritz Kasparek, Ludwig Vörg, Hans von Tschammer und Osten (Reich Sports Leader), and Dr. Wilhelm Frick (Reich Minister of the Interior) in Breslau during the 18th German Gymnastics and Sports Festival

In May 1939, Heinrich Harrer was selected by the German Himalayan Foundation to join a new expedition to Nanga Parbat. Leaving behind his pregnant wife, he became part of a four-man team led by Peter Aufschnaiter. Their objective was to explore the Diamir Face of Nanga Parbat in search of a more accessible route to the summit. The rock face, however, proved to be technically challenging and perilous, with vertical, unstable walls prone to avalanches. Despite these constant dangers, the team succeeded in reaching an elevation of 6,009 meters before retreating. Strangely in the movie we have different numbers: “July 29, 1939. We have already made camp 4 at 22,000 feet (6705m). Overhead is the Rakhiot Glacier and a difficult climb up the icefall.”

The team arrived in Karachi, India, by the end of August, where they awaited a freighter to return home.

A screenshot from the movie Seven Years in Tibet

When World War II broke out in 1939, just two days after the declaration of war, Harrer and his team were arrested and placed behind barbed wire. On September 3, 1939, they were transferred to a detention camp in Ahmednagar near Bombay. Initially, they considered escaping to Portuguese-controlled Goa, but after being relocated to a detention camp in Dehradun, where they were held for several years alongside 1,000 other enemy aliens, they set their sights on Tibet. Their ultimate objective was to reach the Japanese front in Burma or China.

Harrer and Aufschnaiter escaped multiple times before finally succeeding. On April 29, 1944, they, along with Rolf Magener, Heins von Have, Bruno Treipel, Hans Kopp, and Sattler, fled the camp. Only Aufschnaiter and Harrer successfully made their way to Tibet.

With Aufschnaiter’s knowledge of Tibetan, they reached Lhasa on January 15, 1946, eight months after Nazi Germany's surrender, having crossed Western Tibet, Gyirong County, and the Northern Changthang.

Harrer met the 14th Dalai Lama when summoned to the Potala Palace to film ice skating, a sport he had introduced to Tibet. He built a cinema with a Jeep-powered projector and soon became the Dalai Lama’s tutor in English, geography, and science. The two formed a lasting friendship, sharing the same birthday. In 1948, Harrer became a salaried official in the Tibetan government, translating foreign news and serving as the Court photographer.

In 1952, he returned to Austria and published his memoirs, Seven Years in Tibet (1952) and Lost Lhasa (1953). Seven Years in Tibet was translated into 53 languages and became a bestseller, selling three million copies in the United States by 1954.